Legally Employing and Registering Caregivers from Bosnia and Herzegovina
Demographic change and the increasing demand for care pose significant challenges for Germany. Many families seek solutions to care for their loved ones at home. Employing caregivers from Bosnia and Herzegovina offers a promising option. This article explains how to legally employ and register care staff from Bosnia, the advantages it offers, and what to consider.
Why Caregivers from Bosnia and Herzegovina?
High Motivation and Cultural Affinity
Caregivers from Bosnia and Herzegovina are known for their dedication, empathy, and strong family values. Family holds a high position in their culture, and elderly people are treated with great respect. This is reflected in the compassionate care they provide to those in need.
Language Skills
Many Bosnians speak German or have basic knowledge of the language, as Germany is a popular destination with historical ties to Bosnia. This facilitates communication and integration in daily caregiving.
Qualification and Experience
Bosnian caregivers often have solid training in the care sector. They are familiar with the requirements of basic care and can quickly adapt to work in German households.
Legal Basis for Employment
Employment Models
There are different models to legally employ caregivers from Bosnia and Herzegovina:
Posting Model: The caregiver is employed by a company in Bosnia and sent to Germany under the regulations of the German Posted Workers Act.
Direct Employment: You employ the caregiver directly in your household and thus become their employer. This requires fulfilling all employment law obligations, including social security contributions and taxes.
Self-Employment: The caregiver works as an independent service provider with their own business. Care must be taken to avoid pseudo-self-employment.
Work Permit and Visa
Since Bosnia and Herzegovina is not an EU member, caregivers from this country need a work permit and visa to work in Germany. The Skilled Workers Immigration Act has simplified the process for qualified workers from non-EU countries since 2020.
Requirements for a Work Permit:
- Recognition of foreign professional qualifications in Germany
- Proof of sufficient German language skills (usually level B1 or B2)
- A concrete job offer
Tasks and Qualifications of Caregivers
Possible Responsibilities
- Basic Care: Assistance with personal hygiene, dressing, and eating
- Household Tasks: Cooking, cleaning, shopping, and laundry care
- Mobility Assistance: Help with walking, standing, and transfers
- Social Care: Providing companionship, engaging in conversation, and organizing recreational activities
- Accompaniment to Appointments: Visits to doctors, government offices, etc.
Limitations of Responsibilities
Caregivers without recognized medical training are not permitted to perform medical treatment tasks, such as administering medication, giving injections, or wound care. These tasks must be handled by qualified professionals.
Costs and Funding Options
Cost Factors
The costs of employing a caregiver from Bosnia and Herzegovina vary depending on the employment model, qualifications, and individual requirements.
- Direct Employment: In addition to wages, you are responsible for the employer’s share of social security contributions.
- Posting Model: There are costs for the placement agency and the foreign company.
- Self-Employment: The caregiver issues invoices for their services.
Average Monthly Costs
Monthly costs typically range between €2,000 and €3,500.
Funding Options
- Care Allowance: From care level 2, individuals in need of care receive a monthly allowance.
- Respite Care: Financial support for substitute care up to €1,612 per year.
- Tax Deductibility: Household-related service costs may be tax-deductible.
- Relief Allowance: €125 per month for additional care services (from care level 1).
How to Find a Suitable Caregiver
Placement Agencies
Specialized agencies, such as Medexcare.de, can assist you in finding suitable caregivers. They handle organizational tasks and ensure legal employment.
Selection Criteria
- Qualifications: Training and experience in caregiving
- Language Skills: German language skills are essential for communication
- Personal Suitability: Empathy, reliability, and cultural compatibility
- References: Previous employers or families can provide valuable insights
Tips for Working Together
- Clear Job Profile: Define precisely which tasks the caregiver should undertake.
- Contractual Agreements: Set working hours, pay, and rights in writing.
- Foster Integration: Support the caregiver’s adjustment and create a positive working environment.
Benefits and Challenges
Benefits
- Personalized Care: Tailored care in the comfort of home
- Relieving Family Members: Family can better balance work and private life
- Cultural Enrichment: Cross-cultural exchange and new experiences
- Cost Efficiency: Often more affordable than residential care facilities
Challenges
- Legal Complexity: Compliance with all legal regulations is essential
- Language Barriers: Potential communication issues if German skills are lacking
- Integration: Adjusting to cultural differences and habits
- Quality Assurance: Ensuring the care provided meets standards
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Do caregivers from Bosnia need a work permit?
Yes, as non-EU citizens, they require a work permit and visa under the Skilled Workers Immigration Act.
Can caregivers from Bosnia provide medical care?
Only if their training is recognized in Germany and they have the necessary qualifications. Otherwise, they may only provide basic care.
How long does the qualification recognition process take?
The recognition process can take several months, depending on individual circumstances and the responsible authority.
What German language skills are required?
Generally, German skills at level B1 or B2 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages are required.
How can I avoid pseudo-self-employment with self-employed caregivers?
Ensure that the caregiver genuinely operates as an independent business and is not subject to your direct instructions. Seek legal advice if in doubt.
Conclusion
Employing caregivers from Bosnia and Herzegovina offers a valuable way to meet care needs in Germany and provide personalized care for those in need within their own homes. The cultural affinity and high motivation of these caregivers benefit both the care recipients and their families.
It is important to comply with all legal requirements and correctly register employment. Medexcare.de provides reliable support throughout all steps—from selecting a suitable caregiver to ensuring legal security and integration.
Sources and Further Information
- Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs: Skilled Workers Immigration Act
- Federal Employment Agency: Employment of Foreign Workers
- Make it in Germany: Information for Foreign Caregivers
- Consumer Advice Centre: Legally Employing Foreign Caregivers
- German Statutory Accident Insurance: Insurance for Domestic Helpers
Note: This article is for general informational purposes and does not replace legal advice. For specific questions, please contact the relevant authorities or consult a specialist attorney.
